The oriented fluff (pile) of
warp-knitted velvet fabric is achieved through the specific manufacturing process used in warp-knitting machines. Unlike other textile techniques, warp-knitting creates a fabric where the yarns are oriented in a way that produces the characteristic raised pile surface. Here's how it's achieved:
1. Warp-Knitting Machine:
- Warp-knitted velvet is produced on specialized warp-knitting machines. These machines are equipped with multiple needles, guide bars, and yarns.
2. Multiple Guide Bars:
- In warp-knitting machines, multiple guide bars are used to control the movement of the yarns. Each guide bar carries a separate set of yarns.
3. Interlocking Yarns:
- The warp-knitting process involves the interlocking of two sets of yarns: the warp yarns (running lengthwise) and the weft yarns (running crosswise). It's the interlocking of these yarns that creates the fabric.
4. Pile Formation:
- To create the oriented fluff or pile, additional yarns are introduced into the process. These pile yarns are placed in a way that they are not interlocked with every weft yarn, creating loops or tufts that stand out from the fabric surface.
5. Cutting and Shearing:
- After the fabric is knitted, it goes through a cutting and shearing process. During this step, the pile yarns are cut at a specific length, creating an even surface with raised fibers. The shearing process helps control the height and uniformity of the pile.
6. Finishing:
- The finished fabric may undergo additional finishing processes, such as steaming, brushing, or coating, to enhance its texture and appearance.
7. Directional Pile:
- The pile in warp-knitted velvet typically has a direction, meaning that you can brush or stroke it to create a smooth and uniform appearance in one direction or in the opposite direction to reveal the raised pile.
8. Quality Control:
- Throughout the manufacturing process, quality control measures are implemented to ensure that the pile is consistent in height and appearance across the fabric.
The oriented fluff or pile in warp-knitted velvet fabric is a result of strategically introducing and manipulating pile yarns within the warp-knitting process. This method allows for precise control over the texture and creates the soft, plush, and luxurious feel that is characteristic of velvet fabrics.